Table of Content

25 October 2022, Volume 31 Issue 10

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Theory Analysis and Methodology Study

Study on Optimization of Drug Logistics Multi-center Sit Selection

YUAN Zhi-yuan, GAO Jie, YANG Cai-jun

2022, 31(10):  1-5.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2022.0311

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In order to reduce the cost of drug logistics distribution and improve the efficiency of drug distribution, aiming at the problem of national centralized procurement and distribution of drugs with quantity, a dual objective model of multi-center location and path optimization of drug logistics is established in this paper. Combined with the advantages of fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm (FCMA), simulated annealing algorithm and tabu search algorithm, a hybrid algorithm of FCM-TS-SA is designed. Finally, a real case is verified, compared and analyzed.

Research on Optimization Strategy of Same City Instant Delivery Based on Voronoi Division

XU Xian-hao, SHEN Xia-chan, REN Xin-xin

2022, 31(10):  6-11.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2022.0312

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In recent years, the economic and social development and the strong rise of the new retail industry have made the demand for large-scale real-time distribution of platforms or businesses increasing. When solving large-scale vehicle routing problems, only heuristic algorithms or their fusion algorithms can not meet the actual needs. Aiming at the real-time distribution mode in the same city based on crowd level and the existing problems at the present stage, this paper determines the real-time distribution partition method based on Voronoi partition algorithm and three improvement strategies for the basic ant colony algorithm. Taking the total cost of the whole process distribution as the objective function, the mathematical model of vehicle routing problem with soft time window of user demand is constructed. Finally, a total of 120 real geographical location data of customers, vehicles and stores are selected to verify the effectiveness of the solution strategy proposed in this paper, and the final results are analyzed. The results show that ①the two-stage method of Voronoi partition improved ant colony algorithm can significantly reduce the total cost of distribution and improve customer satisfaction; ②under the assumption of multiple stores, the timeout time obtained by the improved ant colony algorithm is 36% less than the basic ant colony algorithm, and the total cost of distribution is 17%.

Yield Optimization Strategy of Multi-Component Systems for Mission Guarantee

WANG Cheng, XU Jian-xin, SHANG Li-jun

2022, 31(10):  12-18.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2022.0313

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In order to guarantee the system to run high reliability and yield during the execution of the mission, a system reliability model is constructed from the perspective of system yield, and the yield importance is defined by using the idea of marginal utility. A yield optimization strategy of multi-component systems for mission guarantee is proposed. When the system reliability drops to a preset threshold, we calculate the yield importance of each component, select the component with the highest yield importance to allocate the spare, and then iterate until the mission guarantee is completed to form an optimal sequence of spare allocation. Through proposed strategy, the sequence of spares is allocated with the objective of optimal operation yield and the constraints of system reliability and mission guarantee time. Finally, a number example is presented to verify the feasibility of the proposed method.

Sensor Array Optimization for Space Magnetic Field Prediction of Equipment

LU Zhen, ZHANG Jie, DING Yu-jie, LU Xi-wen

2022, 31(10):  19-25.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2022.0314

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In this paper, the problem of sensor array around ferromagnetic equipment is studied. The mathematical model about optimization of positions and number of sensor is established, and the model is solved by genetic algorithm. First of all, we choose the rotational ellipsoid with less requirements for the number and distance of sensors as the model of far-field calculation of magnetic field. In the rotational ellipsoid model, improper sensor distribution will cause the condition number of the magnetic field calculation coefficient matrix to be too large, and the model will be ill-conditioned. So the calculated far-field magnetic results are not reliable. Therefore, in this paper, we take the condition number of coefficient matrix in the rotating ellipsoid model as the optimization objective, and then establish a mathematical model to optimize the number and position distribution of sensors above a single device. Secondly, we verifie through experiments that the model is effective for optimizing the position and number of sensors in a single piece of equipment. The number of sensors used is small, and results of the model are reliable. Finally, we generalize the optimization model to multiple pieces of equipment. Taking two pieces of equipment as the representative, the sensor positions are calculated by two methods of simultaneous optimization and separate optimization. According to the experiment and calculation, the two methods have high accuracy of far-field magnetic field calculation, but the method of separate optimization is more simple and easy to operate in the actual calculation.

A Research on Multi-objective Optimization Method of Mixed-flow Assembly Line Balance Problem

YUAN Pi-ye, LIU Jia-nan, LIU Chang, ZHANG Meng

2022, 31(10):  26-32.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2022.0315

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In view of the problems of mixed-flow assembly lines, such as many operational elements and difficulty in balancing, the U-shaped arrangement of mixed assembly lines is taken as the research object,and the multi-objective balance optimization model of the U-shaped mixed-flow assembly line is established. Taking into account the average load balance and instantaneous load balance of the workstations, the work load of different workstations and different products within the workstations are balanced on the basis of minimizing the number of workstations.At the same time, a standardized method of each objective function is proposed. We design and use an improved adaptive genetic algorithmto solve the model. Due to the randomness of crossover and mutation operations,an amandatory rule is added in the mutation link and genetic conflict detection on newoffspring individuals is performed to increase the proportion of feasible solutions. The result of a case studyshows that the multi-objective optimization method proposed in this paper can better solve the mixed-flow assembly line balance problem.

Integrated Optimization Model and Solution for Supplier Selection and Order Allocation Based on Risk-Mean Analysis

WANG Ke, ZHANG Ling-zhen, ZHOU Jian

2022, 31(10):  33-39.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2022.0316

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An integrated fuzzy two-stage multi-period optimization model based on risk-mean analysis is constructed for the supplier selection and order allocation (SSOA) problem with different supply contracts in an uncertain environment. Unlike the traditional research on this issue that the interaction between the SS and OA decisions has not been adequately considered, in this model, evaluation objectives for the SS at the first stage depend on the actual OA decisions made later in the second stage. Considering the uncertainty of future demands and operating costs, two decision criteria, value at risk (VaR) and expected value (EV), are introduced to evaluate the performance of the SS decision. Solution approaches to the formulated model are designed, in which the VaR is accurately assessed, whereas the EV is approximated within a determined margin of error.

Pre-sale and Return Strategy of Retailers Considering Consumer Regret Behavior

SHI Bao-li, XU Qi, SUN Zhong-miao

2022, 31(10):  40-46.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2022.0317

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This paper suggests that retailer can provide three kinds of advance selling strategies when the demand of products and the valuation of consumers are uncertain: no return allowed, no sale after return and resale after return, and the influence of consumer regret behavior on the retailer’s pre-sale price, order quantity, return amount and pre-sale strategy selection is discussed. The results show thatthe stronger the action regret behavior is, the lower the pre-sale price is, the more unfavorable it is to the retailer’s revenue. The stronger the waiting regret behavior is, the higher the pre-sale price is, the more favorable it is to the retailer’s revenue. Therefore, the retailer can maintain a certain product out-of-stock rate during the regular sale period to enhance consumers’ waiting regret behavior. It is always better for retailers to provide return service than not. Whether retailers resell the returned products depends on the cost of the returned products.

Research on the Efficiency of Governmentpoverty Alleviation Based on the Perspective of Supply-chain

DING Bin, ZHANG Qi-dong

2022, 31(10):  47-52.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2022.0318

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The government has introduced relevant agriculturalsupport policies, such as agricultural technology extension, government procurement, and agricultural subsidies to better fight poverty. It is a very important question which way is more effective. This paper uses Stackelberg game theory to construct an e-commerce agri-products supply chain model and analyzes the decision-making behavior of supply chain members. Afterward, it analyzes the efficiency of government poverty alleviation based on the principle of increasing farmers' income and discusses the application scenarios. The results show: Both the government’s infrastructure construction and agricultural support policy can increase farmers’ income. Consumers’ poverty alleviation preferences will increase the prices of agricultural products and farmers’ profits, and can effectively improve the efficiency of the three agricultural support policies. When farmers’ investment costs are negligible, The agriculture subsidy model has the highest poverty alleviation efficiency, while the agricultural technology extension and government procurement model is more stable and more effective when the investment cost of farmers is higher. When government funds are limited, the agriculture subsidy model is the most efficient, when the funds are moderate, the agricultural technology extension model is more effective, and when funds are abundant, the government procurement model is more effective.

Research on Dynamic Response of Supply Chain System under the Influence of Blockchain Technology

SUN Lin-hui, GE Chen-chen, WU An-bo, YUAN Xiao-fang

2022, 31(10):  53-60.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2022.0319

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To solve the problem of information lag and asymmetry in the supply chain system, accelerate the innovation and development of blockchain technology in supply chain management, this research adopts control theory to construct a two-echelon supply chain system composed of one distributor and a one retailer, which introduces information factors under the influence of blockchain technology, derives the transfer function of the system, and uses MATLAB to simulate order variability and inventory fluctuation under different demand signals. It shows that: (1)The application of blockchain technology improves the accuracy and stability of the inventory system; (2)High inventory fluctuation is accompanied by high order variability; (3)The smoothing factor and information factors under the influence of blockchain technology effectively suppress the bullwhip effect in the supply chain; (4)The longer the information delay, the more significant the inhibitory effect of information factors on the control system under the influence of blockchain technology. This research quantifies the impact of blockchain on the bullwhip effect in the supply chain, improves the accuracy and stability of the supply chain system, enriches the application of blockchain in supply chain management and provides new research ideas for enterprise manager.

A Game Analysis of Service Supply of Residential Care Facilities under the Background of Market-Oriented Reform

CUI Xiao, CHENG Min, DUN Shuai

2022, 31(10):  61-67.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2022.0320

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Considering subsidies, marketization, the cost of residential care facilities (RCFs), the preferences of the elderly and some other factors, a two-stage game model between public and private RCFs under three scenarios of full nationalization, semi-marketization and full marketization is established. Then the impact of the degree of marketization on the service price and service level setting of RCFs are analyzed, and the impact of changes of parameters on the profits of RCFs and social welfare are discussed. The result shows that full marketization mechanism will reduce service quality of RCFs, and full nationalization mechanism will make the aged care service system fall into a social welfare trap, only exploring the best marketization level can improve social welfare; appropriately promoting market-oriented reform, improving the service levels of RCFs, reducing costs of private RCFs and appropriately increasing subsidies can alleviate the unfair competition between public and private RCFs; improving the payment ability of the elderly and advancing the supply-side structural reform of RCFs will ensure the effective supply of the aged care service and promote the order development of the aged care service industry.

Research on Fuzzy Portfolios Based on DEA Game Cross-efficiency Method and Investor Psychology

DENG Xue, FANG Wen

2022, 31(10):  68-74.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2022.0321

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Considering that investors are not completely rational, a multi-objective fuzzy portfolio selection problem with investor psychological factors is studied in this paper by combining with the DEA game cross-efficiency evaluation method. Firstly, to fully describe the psychology and risk perception of investors, the possibilistic mean and semi-absolute deviation with risk attitude are derived basedonthepossibility theory. Secondly, the candidate assets are regarded as competing players, and their comprehensive performance is measured by DEA game cross-efficiency model based on entropy weight method. In this way, the DEA game cross efficiency score and maverick index of each asset are obtained, which are used asadditional return and risk measures. Considering the four objectives of possibilistic mean, semi-absolute deviation, cross-efficiency score and the maverick index, a more comprehensive fuzzy portfolio optimization model is established. Finally, the rationality and effectiveness of the proposed model is illustrated by an application example, which can provide different investors with personalized investment strategies.

Evolutionary Game Analysis of the Supervision of Drug Quality Safety Based on Prospect Theory

ZHAO Zhe-yun, LIU Yu-min, LIU Li

2022, 31(10):  75-81.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2022.0322

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Existing researches about drug quality safety supervision mostly focus on the interaction mechanism between government and drug manufacturing enterprise based on the rationality hypothesis. Bounded rationality of quality safety consciousness is rarely considered, which results in limited explanatory power to reality condition. According to Prospect Theory, value function and weight function are applied to construct the prospect pay-off matrix. The game process between government and enterprise is analyzed, and thus the constraints and factors of influencing quality safety consciousness of enterprise are obtained. Besides, this research also models and studies the influence mechanism of quality incentive and punishment from Marketing Authorization Holder(MAH) on quality safety consciousness of drug manufacturers. The results show that the quality safety consciousness of enterprises is weakened by overconfidence and risk preference; whether the quality incentive and punishment of MAH works or not depends on the risk attitude of the enterprise; under the condition of quality incentive and punishment, MAH could strengthen the supervision or punishment to improve the quality safety awareness of the enterprise.

How to Regulate Economic Financialization? ——Based on the Perspective of Tripartite Evolutionary Games of Chinese Economy

DONG Yu, CHENG Xin

2022, 31(10):  82-89.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2022.0323

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Since the 19th CPC National Congress, China’s reform and opening up process has been accelerating. The financial system reform has also deepened, and the degree of openness has continued to increase. During this period, the problem of financialization of the real economy has become increasingly prominent in China. The phenomenon of “degeneration from the real to the virtual” in economy has become more and more serious. The healthy development of the real economy will determine the strength of a country’s overall national strength. Therefore, it is necessary to discuss China’s strategy to prevent “hollowing” of the industry by studying the issue of financialization of entity enterprises. We use evolutionary games and simulation methods to build a tripartite evolutionary game analysis framework based on the financialization of government regulators, entity enterprises and financial enterprises, focus on analyzing the factors that affect government regulation on corporate strategy choices, and simulate the evolution equilibrium process. Our studies have shown that measures taken by the government, such as increasing penalties, increasing tax cuts or subsidies, have a positive effect on promoting cooperative relations between entity and financial enterprises, and entity and financial enterprises are more sensitive to changes in the level of predatory technology and social endowment doubling rates.

A Game Model of the Impact of External Knowledge on Manufactures’ Process Innovation Considering IT Infrastructure

LIU Wei, XU Ke

2022, 31(10):  90-97.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2022.0324

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In this paper, we combine the classic R&D competition AJ model and asymmetric R&D model to propose a two-stage non-cooperative game model of the impact of external knowledge on manufacture’s process innovation considering IT infrastructure investment in the oligopolistic competition market composed of two heterogeneous manufacturing enterprises based on knowledge-based view theory. Our findings are that the manufacturer gains higher market share from process innovation with the advantage of cost and IT infrastructure investment for heterogeneous manufacturer, and the equilibrium volume of external knowledge assimilated by the manufacturer changes with the difference of initial cost and IT infrastructure investment. Overall, the manufacture’s heterogeneity has caused imbalance in process innovation competition. The manufacturer’s process innovation has a positive effect on its equilibrium output leveraging external knowledge, and there is a threshold for its impact on the equilibrium profit which increases first and then decreases considering IT infrastructure investment. Due to spillover effects, the equilibrium profits of both manufacturers increase with an increase in IT infrastructure investment of the leading manufacturer, but the equilibrium profit of the leading manufacturer predominates with a relatively higher increase. Finally, we provide some managerial implications to improve the effectiveness of process innovation leveraging external knowledge.

The Price Game between Different Automobile Manufacturers by Considering Fuel Vehicles’ Emission Reduction under the “Double Credits” Policy

LU Chao, WANG Qian-qian, CHEN Qiang

2022, 31(10):  98-104.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2022.0325

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By considering that the supply side is composed of duopoly car companies, this paper employes no “double credits” policy constraint as the reference condition, and builds two models of whether fuel vehicles could reduce emissions or not when there is the “double credits” policy constraint. Further, three Bertrand game analysis is carried out to explore the mechanism of the “double credits” policy on the development of fuel vehicles and new energy vehicles from the perspective of pricing, which is followed by a numerical analysis to further verify the effect of the “double credits” policy. The findings are as follows, (1)the credit setting of each NEV significantly affects the effect of “double credits” policy, and an excessive NEV credit setting could not improve the emission reduction of fuel vehicles, while there is a reasonable integral that can achieve the dual purpose of “encouraging advanced technology and restricting behindhand one”. (2)The “double credits” policy has negative impacts on such manufacturers involving fuel vehicles production (e.g. M1), and it will get a lower profit compared with no “double credits” policy when the credit of each NEV is small. (3)The “double credits” policy is beneficial to such manufacturers producing NEV only (e.g. M2), and it will always get a higher profit compared with no “double credits” policy.

Reinforcement Learning Model of Dynamic Newsboy Problem with Framework Protocol

QI Yu-qing, ZHAO Xing-lei, ZHAO Tian-dong-jie

2022, 31(10):  105-112.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2022.0326

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In order to stabilize the supply of goods and supply relations, enterprises often sign framework agreements with suppliers for a certain period of time. In order to solve the problem that retailers purchase newsboy products under the framework protocol, an inventory decision model is established by using reinforcement learning, and the optimal ordering strategy is obtained by using Q-learning algorithm. By generating random number of samples to simulate the demand, the difference between Q-learning algorithm and traditional ordering method is compared. Through a number of numerical experiments, it is found that the average profit of orderingwith reinforcement learning method is about 7%~22% higher thanof traditional ordering methods (quantitative ordering method,moving average forecasting and exponential smoothing), and the average profit difference of ordering with reinforcement learning method is about 8% compared with the ideal state. These findings verify the effectiveness and feasibility of reinforcement learning to solve inventory problems. This paper also studies the influence of several parameter changes on the total profit, and finds that the profit decreases with the increase of ε, while the profit increases with the increase of α. This conclusion can provide a new way of thinking for solving relevant inventory problems.

Research on the Service Design and Pricing of Appointment-Generated Queuing Service Based on Classification Service

JIANG Tao, LU Xing-zheng, LIU Lu, HUANG Fu

2022, 31(10):  113-119.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2022.0327

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Reasonable service mechanism design and service pricing strategy are important ways to ensure the efficient operation of service enterprises. By designing reasonable service strategy, service provider can achieve the optimal service revenue. This paper takes the appointment-generated queuing service as the research background, studies the service mechanism selection and optimal pricing strategy of service provider. The paper considers a new customer service utility model which is formed by comparing the average waiting time between customers under two service strategies and the psychological parameters of customers’ waiting aversion, and then, obtains the optimal service strategy under different service mechanism, as well as the influence of the market size of scheduled customers on service strategy selection. The results show that when the market size of scheduled customers is relatively small, the appointment-generated service provider can adopt a classified service mechanism and choose to serve both scheduled customers and walk-in customers to increase the service revenue, and vice versa. In addition, the degree of waiting aversion of scheduled customers can increase the optimal price.

A Preference Ranking Approach Based on Segmented Option Weighting and Its Application

ZHAO Shi-nan, SUN Cai-yun, ZHANG Guang-ming, LV Na, JIN Lu-ya

2022, 31(10):  120-126.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2022.0328

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The preference elicitation of stakeholders or decision makers in conflicts has a significant effect on the conflict evolution and mediation strategies. The existing preference ranking methods in the area of conflict analysis mainly depends on decision-makers’ subjective judgment and personal understanding of conflict states, option weights and preference statements, which lacks the support of reliable data. In order to obtain more accurate preference information of decision makers in disputes, a new preference ranking approach based on segmented option weighting and practical survey is proposed in this research within the framework of the graph model for conflict resolution. To begin with, the option set is segmented according to the type of decision makers and then the relative importance ranking or weights can be determined by using questionnaires or surveys. Based on the results, the total accumulated score for each conflict state can be calculated by using the segmented option weighing method and then the preference ranking of states for every decision maker can be obtained. Finally, the doctor-patient dispute is modeled and analyzed by using the graph model for conflict resolution methodology. Moreover, the preference ranking and stability analysis results of traditional and segmented option weighting methods are compared, which further verifies the effectiveness of the proposed preference ranking method in this research.

Application of Improved NSGA Ⅱ Algorithm Based on Dominance Strength in Graduate Enrollment Interview Groupin

PENG Guang-bin, HE Jing-yuan

2022, 31(10):  127-132.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2022.0329

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In order to solve the NP hard problem of graduate enrollment interview grouping, a hybrid multi-objective grouping genetic algorithm is proposed. It is integrated with grouping genetic algorithm (GGA) and improved NSGA Ⅱ algorithm based on dominance strength. By using multi-crossover / multi-mutation operator based on matrix coding, sub elitist initialization population strategy and improved Pareto dominance relation, the problems of slow convergence speed and easily falling into local optimum of classical NSGA Ⅱ algorithm in this problem are solved. The simulation results show that the optimal solution sets can be obtained in only a few times of evolution (no more than 100 generations), which meets the user’s preferences of fast grouping.

Analysis of Hasse Graphs with Uniform Representation of Ordinal Weights

YUE Li-zhu, LU Chang, SHI Guang-lei

2022, 31(10):  133-138.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2022.0330

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It is helpful to get rid of the puzzle of method selection and enhance its practical effect to recognize the commonness of several ordinal weighting methods. Firstly, linear programming is established by taking linear function as objective function and constructing constraint conditions with weight relation. On this basis, it is proved that any weight can be expressed by the set of extreme points of linear programming, and it is revealed that ordinal weight is essentially a weighted linear combination of extreme points. Furthermore, aiming at the problem of insufficient robustness of weighting method, the partial order relation is constructed by using extreme points, and the robustness of weight ranking is enhanced by Hasse graph. The example analysis shows that although the ordinal weights are different, the similar analysis results can be obtained by combining with the partial order method.

Application Research

Evolution Analysis of Collaborative Innovation Behavior of Innovation Teams of Megaprojects: A Case Study of Sichuan ——Tibet Railway

HE Hai-yan, ZHOU Guo-hua, ZHENG Li-ning

2022, 31(10):  139-146.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2022.0331

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The innovation teams of megaprojects face deep uncertain external environment. The evolutionary laws of innovation behavior are studied based on network game and Netlogo. The results show that: (1)Deep uncertainty can stimulate innovation subjects to pay more innovation effort, but it can also inhibit the collaborative effort of innovation subjects. Innovation subjects need more collaborative innovators to share the risks. (2)Fixed income can motivate the innovation subjects to pay higher innovation effort. However, the utility of such incentive is gradually diminishing. (3)When adjustment coefficient is in a reasonable scope, a dynamic benefits sharing mechanism has an incentive effect on innovation subjects facing deep uncertainty, but the cooperation in innovation teams may be disintegrated whenthe adjustment coefficient is beyond the reasonable scope.

Research on the Model of Corporate Environmental Behavior Based on Dual Hesitant Fuzzy Multiple Attribute Decision Making Considering Credibility And Priority

QU Guo-hua, ZHANG Xiao-dan, QU Wei-hua

2022, 31(10):  147-153.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2022.0332

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This article aims at the problem that the importance of experts and attributes for scheme comparison and selection makes enterprises urgently need to make quantitative analysis. In addition, the company needs to bear the environmental responsibility in the environmental behavior of enterprises, and the environmental attribute should be introduced into the supplier comparison standard in the aspect of green procurement. In this paper, a dual hesitant fuzzy multi-attribute decision-making method considering expert credibility and attribute priority is proposed, which integrates experts’ familiarity with the field and the importance of the selected attributes into the quantitative analysis and selection of suppliers’ green evaluation index. Combined with the membership and non-membership of dual hesitant fuzzy sets, the calculation models of dual hesitant fuzzy entropy, mixed average operator and mixed geometric operator and the specific steps of this method model are given. The feasibility and effectiveness of this model are verified by evaluating four attributes including green audit of an enterprise to select the best supplier.

Analysis of the Differentiation Trend of Green Innovation Efficiency and Its Driving Mechanism Based on StoNED and Dynamic SPDM Models: a Case Study of the Urban Agglomeration in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River

LUO Kang, GUO Qing-bin, LIU Yao-bin, CHEN Xiao

2022, 31(10):  154-160.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2022.0333

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The article constructs the StoNED model to measure the green innovation efficiency of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River from 2005 to 2019, the dynamic SPDM model is introduced to explore the driving mechanism of the spatial-temporal differentiation of green innovation efficiency from the perspective of convergence speed, and its purpose is to solve the problem that the traditional efficiency measurement model cannot take into account the multi-output and slack of input-output, and cannot reasonably quantify the differentiation of green innovation efficiency. The findings are as follows: (1)the green innovation efficiency of the urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River has formed a multi-center spatial pattern dominated by Wuhan, Changsha, Nanchang, Yichang, Xiangyang, etc, and the absolute difference within the province is basically solidified and the relative difference in the efficiency of green innovation within the province has been greatly reduced, the degree of differentiation of green innovation efficiency between the east and west regions and the north and south regions shows a shrinking trend. (2)the difference in the differentiation trend of green innovation efficiency is manifested by the different convergence speeds, Jiangxi province has the fastest convergence speed, followed by Hunan province, and Hubei province is the slowest. This difference is mainly due to the level of economic development and the government, science and technology expenditure, environmental regulations, education level, industrial structure, financial support level and other factors and influencing mechanisms act together to drive. Finally, corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward.

Research on Coupling Coordination Development of Economic Development, Technological Innovation and Ecological Environment in Shaanxi Province

HUANG Ren-quan, DONG Juan

2022, 31(10):  161-168.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2022.0334

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It is of great significance to study the coupling relationship between economic development, technological innovation and ecological environment systems to promote high-quality development. On the basis of expounding the coupling coordination mechanism of ternary system, the system evaluation index system is constructed. A comprehensive evaluation model is proposed by using grey correlation theory and entropy method. Coupling degree and coupling coordination degree model are introduced to study the coupling coordination relationship among economic development, technological innovation and ecological environment system. This paper empirically analyzes the comprehensive development level, grey correlation characteristics and coupling coordination degree of the ternary system in Shaanxi Province. The results show that: innovation driven became the first power to lead the high-quality development of Shaanxi Province. The comprehensive development level and coupling coordination degree of each system have risen steadily, but there are still problems of unsynchronized and uncoordinated development among the systems.

Dynamic Evaluation of Emission Reduction, Efficiency Enhancement and Structural Optimization Effects of Pollution Treatment Policies

GENG Shen, QIAO Han

2022, 31(10):  169-175.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2022.0335

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In order to measure the influence and transmission mechanism of environmental governance policy on output,emission reduction, factor allocation, consumption and output structure, heterogeneousconsumer preference, output heterogeneous, and environmental utility loss function are introduced into E-DSGE model. The policy intensity, technological progress, emission tax and consumption tax policy are stronger, but environmental control and government pollution control expenditure impact is weaker. The policy effect andtechnological progress are the best, and achieve dual purpose of increasing production and reducing emissions, whichis conducive to promoting the allocation of factors and household consumption, the output and consumption structure of green. Pollution taxes and government spending are the second-best, achieving the win-win goals of increasing production and reducing emissions, and promoting a cleaner structure of supply and output of factors of production, which is not conducive to improving consumption and consumption structure. Environmental control and consumption tax are the worst,reducing emissions at the expense of output, not conducive to factor allocation, and the effect of promoting cleaner output and consumption structure is weak. Consumption tax will restrain consumption, but the higher proportion of environmentally friendly householdsthe stronger the effect of the consumption tax.

Recommendation Method Integrating Emotional Comment Tendency and Balancing Long Tail Items

WANG xie-ning, LI yu-ruo, ZHU zhi-guo, LIU qi-qing

2022, 31(10):  176-182.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2022.0336

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In the field of recommendation, many studies have considered the attribute dimension to improve the accuracy of the algorithm in terms of score-item, which is not enough to judge the user’s real attitude towards the product. In this paper, the LSTM neural network model is used to fuse the user comment emotion score and user score to calculate the user's real interest in the item. This paper uses vector space to classify user emotion into three categories, draws lessons from the idea of Gini coefficient in economics, introduces penalty factor, and gives play to the long tail ability of the system by adjusting popular items, so as to increase the coverage of recommendation results, and realize the balanced optimization of the recommended degree of popular items and unpopular items. Finally, experiments are carried out on the values of emotion coefficient and punishment coefficient parameters, and the optimal combination of model parameters is obtained. The results show that the accuracy and coverage of the model are more in line with user needs compared with other mainstream models. It is also proved that the commented emotion factors and punishment coefficient are effective for building a better recommendation model.

Non-state Shareholders’Governance and Capital Operation Efficiency of Enterprises ——The Moderating Effect of Supervision Mode

YANG Shui-li, TIAN Ye

2022, 31(10):  183-190.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2022.0337

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Improving the capital operation efficiency of enterprises is an important problem to be solved in the reform of state-owned assets and enterprises.Regarding the reform of mixed ownership and transformation of supervision system based on ‘capital management’ as background,based on the data of listed companies from 2008 to 2019, this paper discusses the effects of non-state shareholders’ governance on the capital operation efficiency of enterprises from the two aspects of equity governance and executive governance, and the moderating effect of supervision mode. The research finds that non-state shareholders’ governance can effectively improve the capital operation efficiency of enterprises, and inventory supervision and big data supervision have a positive moderating effect on the relationship between non-state shareholders’ governance and capital operation efficiency of enterprises. This study has some implications for promoting the reform of mixed ownership and the reform of state-owned assets supervision system to improve the efficiency of enterprises’ capital operation.

Empirical Test of Cross-sectional Return Predictability on Chinese Stock Market ——in Comparison with That on the Stock Market in the United States

FANG Shi-jian, LIU Xun

2022, 31(10):  191-195.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2022.0338

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We examine stock cross-sectional return predictability in China. We take 15 firm-specific variables that have been documented to predict cross-sectional stock returns in the U.S. and examine their relation withstock returns in China for the sample period from 1996 to 2015. We find relatively weak predictability ability for Chinese stocks. We test two explanations for the cause of weakreturns predictability in China. First, perhaps return predictors in China are less heterogeneously distributed than they are in the U.S.Second, stock prices are less informative in China than they are in the U.S. We find support for both explanations.

Research on Forecasting Intraday Trading Volume of Stock Index Based on M-LSTM

HE Yi-yue, LIU Lei, GAO Ni

2022, 31(10):  196-203.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2022.0339

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Aiming at the problem that the existing prediction modeling methods are difficult to efficiently extract the complex change rules of intraday trading volume distribution, which affects the implementation effect of VWAP strategy, this paper proposes a forecasting method M-LSTM of intraday trading volume distribution of stock index based on LSTM-Attention under MEMD decomposition.Firstly, the time series of interval multidimensional trading volume are decomposed into several independent IMF synchronously using MEMD. Secondly, the high-frequency IMF in each dimension decompositionis de-noised and reconstructed, and the intradaytrading volume distribution prediction model based on LSTM-Attention neural network is built, and then the effectiveness of the prediction model is deeply analyzed under different trend stages of stock indexes. Finally, M-LSTM, ARIMA, SVR and other mainstream methods are used to forecast the intraday trading volume distribution of four representative stock indexes such as Shanghai Composite Index. The experimental results show that M-LSTM having smaller prediction erroris a more effective method for predicting intraday trading volume distribution of stock indexes.

Stock Price Crash Risk, Investor Protection and Bank Loan Contracting

JIN Hong-min, WANG Lu

2022, 31(10):  204-211.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2022.0340

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This paper investigates the relation among stock price crash risk, investor protection and bank loan contracting by using the data of Chinese non-financial listed companies from 2013 to 2017. We find that the firm with higher stock price crash risk will be charged higher loan spread, shorter maturity, and lower likelihood of credit guarantee. In addition, a good investor protection could mitigate the adverse effect of stock price crash risk on bank loan contracting. The further evidence shows that the effect of investor protection on the relation between stock price crash risk and bank loan contracting is more pronounced in non-state-owned enterprises and non-main board markets.

Profit Distribution Model for Water-Saving Management Contract Projects of Fixed Investment and Return

WANG Xiao-sheng, LIU Xin-xin, HA Ming-hu, LI Xiang

2022, 31(10):  212-218.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2022.0341

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Water-saving management contract (WSMC) is a water-saving mechanism that uses water rates saved to cover water-saving renovation costs and obtain benefits. It mainly involves two participants, namely, users and watersaving service companies. This paper studies the benefit allocation of WSMC in the fixed investment and return model in which users cannot observe the actions of water-saving service companies. Considering that the profit is first repaid the investment, and then shared by participants, it requires incentive mechanisms to increase water-saving income for water-saving service companies. Firstly, the incentive contract for water-saving service companies is designed by users with the renovation cost and water-saving amount as incentive factors. Simultaneously, the output function of the water-saving amount is developed. Secondly, with the goal of maximizing the user’s expected utility, the incentive model for water-saving service companies is established which is solved by using the backstepping method. Thirdly, the analysis of the equilibrium results shows that the optimal cost sharing ratio and optimal water-saving amount sharing ratio of water-saving service companies are negatively correlated with the risk aversion, effort cost coefficient, and project uncertainty. In addition, the optimal water-saving sharing ratio is positively correlated with the comprehensive capacity. Finally, we discuss the changes in the share ratio and effort level with contract parameters using numerical analysis.

Management Science

New Product Introduction Strategies Considering Consumer Anticipated Regret

ZHANG Xiao-tong, TANG Wan-sheng, ZHANG Jian-xiong

2022, 31(10):  219-226.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2022.0342

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Considering consumer anticipated regret, a model of enterprises’ new product introduction strategy is established in a market consisting of two competing enterprises offering a new product and an old product respectively. The paper studies how the anticipated regret affects the newenterprise’sproduct introduction investment, two enterprises’ pricing strategies and profits. The consumer may have switching regret if they buy the new product but the actual utility is lower than that of the old one. Similarly, the consumer may have repeat-purchase regret when repeat-purchasing the old product. The results show that the investmentwill be increased and the prices and profits will decrease as the consumers’ aversion to switching regret becomes stronger; the opposite conclusions, however, will be deduced when the repeat-purchase regret is considered. The existence of switching regret will damage bothenterprises’ profits, while the existence of repeat-purchase regret can improve their profits in this case, and the influence of the regret on the new enterprise’s profit is always greater than that on the oldenterprise. In addition, the existence of switching regret will encourage the new enterprise to increase investment.

Research on the Cooperation Formation Mechanism of Non-complete Interest Groups in PPP Projects

CHENG Fan, DENG Bin-chao, YIN Yi-lin

2022, 31(10):  227-234.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2022.0343

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One entry point of alleviating the plight in the cooperation in PPP projects is to coordinate the interest divergence in the cooperation between the government and the social capital, and further achieve the convergence of individual rationality to collective rationality. Based on the cooperative game theory, this article introduces a cooperative formation mechanism for the non-complete interest groups in the PPP projects, and analyses the key factors for achieving the “win-win cooperation” between the government and social capital. The study shows that the non-complete interest groups of PPP projects composed of the government and social capital may take the initiative to adopt the optimal cooperation strategy under the synergy of the mechanism of “rationality-transfer of utility-effective negotiation”. Among them,the mechanism of rationality verifies the precondition for achieving the intention to cooperate between the government and the social capital,the mechanism of transfer of utility can help to realise the risk-return equivalence between the two parties, and the mechanism of effective negotiation can achieve the Pareto optimality in the cooperation between the government and the social capital.

Researchon the Impact of Organizational Justice on Knowledge Sharing Behavior and Its Countermeasures —An Example of State-owned Enterprises in Hebei Province

FAN Mei-yu, YANG Qing-zhou, WANG Qiang

2022, 31(10):  235-239.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2022.0344

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As an important source of the accumulation and renewal of corporate knowledge resources, knowledge sharing behavior among employees provides a source of motivation for enterprise development. But it is restricted by the organizational environment, employee concepts, and technical environment. This paper takes the employees of state-owned enterprises in Hebei Province as the research object, takes organizational justice as the antecedent variable, organizational embeddedness as the intermediary variable, and knowledge sharing behavior as the dependent variable to construct a theoretical model, and uses the structural equation model to test the relationship among the three. The research results show that organizational justice and organizational embeddedness have a significant positive impact on knowledge sharing behavior, and organizational embeddedness has a partial mediating effect between organizational justice and knowledge sharing behavior.