Abstract: In overwater major oil spill accident, rescue area strictly requests the quantity and time limit of dispatching booms. In order to improve the emergency rescue effect, we have to cooperatively schedule all emergency bases to dispatch booms. This paper divides the pollution area into limited number of rescue areas, and calculate the importance weight、quantity demand and time limit of every rescue area separately. Under the restriction of usable quantity and transportation capability of every emergency base, based on the quantity demand and time limit for dispatching booms of different weighted rescue area, the multi-emergency bases and multi-rescue areas cooperative scheduling model is established, which can decide how to schedule every emergency base. Finally, contrast tests are designed to demonstrate the effectiveness of our model, which show that cooperative scheduling for all emergency bases and differential treatment for the dispatching requirements of different environmental sensitive resources can obviously improve the entire emergency rescue effect.

Key words: overwater major oil spill accident, environmental sensitive resources, rescue area, cooperative scheduling of oil boom, emergency rescue effect

摘要： 针对水上重大溢油事故,围控作业对围油栏调运数量和应急限制期的要求极高,为了尽可能提高待围控区域的应急调度效果,需要组织责任区间内各应急反应基地进行围油栏协同调度。文章将受溢油污染威胁区域划分为有限个待围控区域,分别计算各待围控区域的重要度权重、围油栏需求量和应急限制期。考虑各应急反应基地的围油栏可调运量及单次运载能力限制,针对不同重要度的待围控区域对围油栏调运数量和应急限制期的要求,构建多应急反应基地-多待围控区域的协同调度模型,确定各应急反应基地的围油栏调运去向和调运量。通过对比试验对本文模型的有效性进行验证,研究结果表明:组织多个应急反应基地进行围油栏协同调度,并差别化对待区域内不同敏感资源的应急调运要求,可以显著地提高受溢油污染威胁区域的整体应急调度效果。

关键词: 水上重大溢油事故, 环境敏感资源, 待围控区域, 围油栏协同调度, 应急调度效果