关键词: 演化博弈, 数字化升级, 产能共享, 数字技术赋能

Abstract: With the rapid development of modern sharing economy, platform economy and digital economy, the integration of digital technology into manufacturing enterprises is deepening. Based on the perspective of digital technology empowerment, digital upgrading of manufacturing enterprises around the capacity sharing platform has become a new mode of digital upgrading of manufacturing enterprises. In this mode, manufacturing enterprises will access their capacity information to the online platform in real time, provide capacity for the demander, realize capacity sharing, use digital technology to carry out digital upgrading (establish enterprise digital ID cards, upgrade enterprise online management capabilities, and guarantee enterprise digital transactions, etc.), and obtain additional orders through the platform, so as to improve revenue, expand network externality, and enhance enterprise core competitiveness. However, many enterprises are hesitant to implement digital upgrading due to the pressure of cost input and income uncertainty. Manufacturing enterprises are usually cautious about the impact of digital upgrading on their core competitiveness.
　This paper discusses the basic concept of digital upgrading of manufacturing enterprises around the capacity sharing platform, which is different from the mode of digital upgrading of manufacturing enterprises alone. The digital upgrading of manufacturing enterprises based on the capacity sharing platform is an evolutionary game process in which all stakeholders interact through the capacity sharing platform. In order to analyze the digital upgrading process of manufacturing enterprises around the capacity sharing platform, we build an evolutionary game model for capacity sharing enterprises to implement digital upgrading, explore the evolution and stability strategy set of enterprises under the two situations of implementing digital upgrading and not implementing digital upgrading, infer the dynamic evolution path and main influencing factors of implementing digital upgrading, use Matlab to simulate the evolutionary game model, compare and analyze the impact of parameter changes on the evolution results, so as to provide effective theoretical support for the digital upgrading of manufacturing enterprises.
　The results show that potential order return, platform subsidy coefficient, expected return coefficient, upgrade investment risk coefficient, equipment technology similarity and order loss cost have a significant impact on the strategic evolution results of both sides of the game. Among them, increasing potential order return, platform subsidy, and expected return, enhancing equipment technology similarity, reducing upgrade investment risk and order loss cost can all promote the digital upgrading of manufacturing enterprises. When the initial probability of one side of the game choosing the strategy of “implementing digital upgrading” is high, all stakeholders will eventually show a stable evolutionary state (1,1) through continuous learning and adjustment of their own behavior strategies, which is the equilibrium state between manufacturing enterprises and homogeneous enterprises (implementing digital upgrading, implementing digital upgrading). For manufacturing enterprises around the platform, before implementing digital upgrading, enterprises need to conduct prior research on the equipment environment and personnel technology of other homogeneous enterprises on the platform to understand the production capacity and equipment technology similarity of homogeneous enterprises around the platform. With the evolution of the digital upgrading process, enterprises should learn from the digital upgrading process of homogeneous enterprises in the digital upgrading process, enhance enterprise confidence, ultimately achieve win-win, and promote the digital upgrading of enterprises.

Key words: evolutionary game, digital upgrading, capacity sharing, digital technology empowerment