关键词: 综合评价, 激励, 需求导向, 双激励临界点, 激励系数

Abstract: Comprehensive evaluation is the important research director of management science and engineering, system engineering, and information science. And comprehensive evaluation is an important premise of scientific decision-making. At present, the research on comprehensive evaluation is mainly focused on achieving the evaluation results which are further used to rank or sort evaluated objects. The measurement function is the prominent feature of comprehensive evaluation. However, to extend the application fields and value contributions, more and more research is focused on the function of comprehensive evaluation from measurement to management. A representative type of research results is integrated with incentive effects in the construction process of comprehensive evaluation methods to achieve guidance for the evaluated objects.
Based on existing research results and the definition of incentive, this paper finds that achieving reasonable incentives for the evaluated object through the process of evaluating the reasonable needs of both the evaluator and the evaluated objects will greatly improve the effectiveness and acceptability of the incentive evaluation method. Therefore, this paper proposes a demand-oriented incentive comprehensive evaluation method with double incentive critical points. The biggest feature of this method is that the evaluation demands of the evaluation demander and the evaluated objects are important directions for the construction of the incentive evaluation method. And it adopts the approach of separately motivating different indicators of the evaluated object which are beneficial for accurate guidance for evaluated objects. First, this paper defines the problem, sets the demands of the evaluation demanders and the evaluated objects, and gives the idea and technology roadmap of the construction of this method. Second, when considering the demands of the evaluated objects, based on the impact of different evaluation indicators on the ranking value of every evaluated object, a method for determining the strengths and weaknesses indicators of every evaluated object, as well as a method for determining the incentive starting point of different types of evaluation indicators, is provided. Based on this, the incentive amount and total incentive amount of each evaluation indicator are determined when considering the demands of the evaluated objects. Third, when considering the demands of evaluation demanders, the indicators of evaluated objects are permitted without incentive, and to maximize the balance and difference of the overall development of all evaluated objects, a method for determining the dual incentive critical points of different evaluation indicators is constructed. By setting incentive coefficients and constructing their determination methods, the incentive amount and total incentive amount of each evaluation indicator are calculated when considering the demands of evaluation demanders. Then, the final evaluation result is obtained by aggregating the objective evaluation results of the evaluated objects before the incentive, considering the incentive amount when considering the demands of the evaluated objects, and considering the incentive amount when considering the demands of the evaluation demanders. Finally, an example is used to introduce the application process of the method proposed in this paper, and a comparative analysis is conducted with existing research results. It is verified that the reasonable needs and incentive methods for clear evaluation before incentives are crucial for the incentive results, proving the effectiveness and necessity of the method proposed in this article. Compared with existing research results, the method proposed in this paper places more emphasis on the role of the evaluated objects and the evaluators and can diagnose the development status of the evaluated objects in a more detailed manner. At the same time improving the acceptance of incentive results by the evaluated objects, this method can also play an important management role in effectively guiding their development.
In future research, the method proposed in this paper will be further extended to dynamic evaluation and group evaluation as well as large-scale group evaluation problems. At the same time, solutions to incentive evaluation problems that consider the demands of multi-agent evaluation will be further explored to further promote the management effectiveness of comprehensive evaluation.

Key words: comprehensive evaluation, incentive, demand oriented, double incentive critical points, incentive coefficient