考虑员工学习效应的MTO/MOS指派模型及算法研究

运筹与管理 ›› 2014, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (1): 226-233.

考虑员工学习效应的MTO/MOS指派模型及算法研究

于秀丽^1,2, 张毕西¹, 李逸帆³, 李弘³

1.广东工业大学管理学院,广东广州 510520;
2.广东工业大学心理学教学研究所,广东广州 510520;
3.广东工业大学应用数学学院,广东广州 510520

收稿日期:2012-12-21 出版日期:2014-01-25
作者简介:于秀丽(1979-),女,广州人,博士研究生,研究方向:基于行为的生产系统组织与优化研究。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(71271060);广东省自然科学基金资助项目(S2012010009278);广东省普通高校人文社会科学研究基地重大项目(10JDXM63005)

Assignment Model In Manual Operating System Making To Order Considering Learning Effect And Algorithm Research

YU Xiu-li^1,2, ZHANG Bi-xi¹, LI Yi-fan³, LI Hong³

1. School of Management, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510520, China;
2. Psychological Education and Research Department, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510520, China;
3. Faculty of Applied Mathematics, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510520, China

Received:2012-12-21 Online:2014-01-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 订单式生产(MTO)人工作业系统(MOS)是我国中小制造企业广泛采用的生产系统模式。在MTO/MOS中,一线员工生产技能对生产绩效具有直接的影响。随着重复操作次数的增多,员工的生产效率不断提高,即产生学习效应。本文考虑员工学习效应来优化一线员工的配置,强调员工初始技能和学习能力的个体差异对完工期的影响,以期缩小理论研究与生产实践之间的差距。本文首先提出一个基于员工初始技能、员工的学习能力、工艺难度和订单批量的员工技能动态变化函数。然后,以最小化完工期为目标,建立一个优化模型。由于员工指派问题属于“完全NP-Hard”问题,为了求解本文所提出模型,本文提出Bootstrap方法对问题进行求解。最后,基于一个算例分析,验证该模型及算法的有效性。

关键词: 订单式生产, 人工作业系统, 学习效应, 员工指派

Abstract: MTO(Make-To-Order)and MOS(Manual Operation System)is the general production system model of the small and medium manufacturing enterprises. The worker'skills have an important influence on the performance in such a system. With the growing in times of repetition, learning effect happens and workers'efficiencies continuously improve. We propose an optimization model of the front-line workers'Assignment considering learning effect, paying full attention to the individual difference in order to narrowing the gap between theory researches and production practices. Taking the lead time as the objective function, the model is based on workers'previous experience, learning ability, technology difficulty and batch size. Due to workers'assignment is NP complete problem, the Bootstrap approach to solve the problem is proposed. A case study indicates that the proposed model can provide a promising worker assignment approach and the proposed algorithm is effective for combinational optimization problem.

Key words: MTO, MOS, learning effect, workers'assignment

中图分类号:

于秀丽, 张毕西, 李逸帆, 李弘. 考虑员工学习效应的MTO/MOS指派模型及算法研究[J]. 运筹与管理, 2014, 23(1): 226-233.

YU Xiu-li, ZHANG Bi-xi, LI Yi-fan, LI Hong. Assignment Model In Manual Operating System Making To Order Considering Learning Effect And Algorithm Research[J]. Operations Research and Management Science, 2014, 23(1): 226-233.

参考文献

[1] Warner R C, Needy K L, Bidanda B. Worker assignment in implementing manufacturing cells[J]. Proceedings of the IERC, 1997. 240-245.
[2] Bhaskar K, Srinivasan G. Static and dynamic operator allocation problems in cellular manufacturing systems[J]. International Journal of Production Research, 1997, 35(12): 3467-3481.
[3] Molleman E, Slomp J. Functional flexibility and team performance[J]. International Journal of Production Research, 1999, 37(8): 1837-1858.
[4] Corominas A, Pastor R, Rodriguez E. Rotational allocation of tasks to multifunctional workers in a service industry[J]. International Journal of Production Economics, 2006, 103(1): 3-9.
[5] McDonald T, Ellis K, Van Aken E, Patrick Koelling C. Development and application of a worker assignment model to evaluate a lean manufacturing cell[J]. International Journal of Production Research, 2009, 47(9): 2427-2447.
[6] 周占峰,李涛,等.基于学习曲线的计算机辅助动态工时定额系统研究[J].组合机床与自动化加工技术,2006,(10):26-29.
[7] 董洪涛.熟练曲线理论在产品工时定额中的运用[J].财会月刊,2006,(11):24-25.
[8] Chien C C, et al.. Cycle time learning curve in semiconductor foundry industry[J]. IEEE International Symposium on Semiconductor Manufacturing Conference Proceedings, 2005. 359-360.
[9] Pan J C H, Lo M C. The learning effect on setup cost reduction for mixture inventory models with variable lead time[J]. Asia-Pacific journal of Operational Research, 2008, 25(4): 513-529.
[10] Jabber M Y, Guiffrida A L. Learning curves for imperfect production processes with reworks and process restoration interruptions[J]. European Journal of Operational Research, 2008, 189(1): 93-104.
[11] 张毕西,关迎莹,宋静.考虑学习率的人工作业系统批量加工模式优化[J].系统工程理论与实践,2010,(4):622-627.
[12] Biskup D. Single-machine scheduling with learning considerations[J]. European Journal of Operational Research, 1999, 115(6): 173-178.
[13] Anzanello M J, Fogliatto F S. Learning curve modeling of work assignment in mass customized assembly lines[J]. International Journal of Production Research, 2007, 25(4): 513-529.
[14] Baines T S, Asch R, Hadfield L, et al.. Towards a theoretical framework for human performance modelling within manufacturing systems design[J]. Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory, 2005, 13(6): 486-504.
[15] Efron B. Bootstrap methods: another look at the jackknife[J]. The annals of Statistics, 1979. 1-26.
[16] 陶世群,蒲保兴.基于遗传算法的多级目标非平衡指派问题求解[J].系统工程理论与实践,2004,24(8):80-85.
[17] 马立肖,王江晴.遗传算法在组合优化问题中的应用[J].计算机工程与科学,2005,27(7):72-73.