沿海港口集装箱空箱调运策略优化模型

运筹与管理 ›› 2014, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (1): 80-89.

沿海港口集装箱空箱调运策略优化模型

计明军¹, 王清斌¹, 张新宇², 张海燕¹

1.大连海事大学交通运输管理学院,辽宁大连 116026;
2.大连海事大学航海学院,辽宁大连 116026

收稿日期:2012-12-27 出版日期:2014-01-25
作者简介:计明军,男,教授,博士生导师,研究方向:航运系统规划。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(71072081)

Optimal Model for Allocation and Transportation Strategies of Empty Containers between Coastal Ports

JI Ming-Jun¹, WANG Qing-Bin¹, ZHANG Xin-Yu², ZHANG Hai-Yan¹

1. Transportation Management College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China;
2. Navigation College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China

Received:2012-12-27 Online:2014-01-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 我国沿海港口进出口箱分布非常不均衡,由此产生了集装箱空箱调运现象,合理的空箱调运策略能够有效地降低航运成本。本文研究了沿海港口间的空箱调运问题。在传统确定目的港策略的基础上,提出了一种新的空箱调运策略,不确定目的港策略。针对两种不同调运策略分别建立了以总调运费用最小为目标的规划模型。并以中国沿海港口空箱调运为例,运用遗传算法,在不同的空箱供需情况下,对两种调运策略费用进行了优化求解。结果表明,供需平衡模式下,固定目的港策略略有优势;在供需不平衡模式中,不确定目的港策略优势更加明显。此研究能够为港口间空箱调运提供辅助决策。

关键词: 交通运输, 集装箱, 空箱调运, 遗传算法

Abstract: The distribution of imports and exports is a significant imbalance between Chinese coastal ports, which leads to the allocation and transportation of empty container. Reasonable distribution strategy effectively decreases the cost of allocation and transportation. In this paper, we introduce the allocation and transportation problems of empty containers and present a pexible destination strategy against the conventional determined destination strategy. Furthermore, two models of allocation and transportation problem, which can minimize the total transportation cost, are established. Then the paper analyze and solves the practical examples between Chinese coastal ports by using the genetic algorithm. The comparison between two different strategies shows, when the trades are fairly balanced, determined destination strategy slightly outperforms the pexible destination strategy. But when the trades are imbalanced, the flexible destination strategy obviously outperforms determined destination strategy. The result provides advice for the decision-making of empty container distribution.

Key words: transportation, container, allocation and transportation of empty containers, genetic algorithm

中图分类号:

U692.3

计明军, 王清斌, 张新宇, 张海燕. 沿海港口集装箱空箱调运策略优化模型[J]. 运筹与管理, 2014, 23(1): 80-89.

JI Ming-Jun, WANG Qing-Bin, ZHANG Xin-Yu, ZHANG Hai-Yan. Optimal Model for Allocation and Transportation Strategies of Empty Containers between Coastal Ports[J]. Operations Research and Management Science, 2014, 23(1): 80-89.

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